A purpose-built cylindrical resuspension chamber (V=0.437 m3, S=3.66 m2, S/V=8.38) was used for the dispersion of samples of soil and various kinds of dust. The samples were studied from the point of view of the number and mass distribution of aerosol particles which could affect the concentration of atmospheric aerosol. The samples were taken from lignite, power plant flue ash, gypsum and road dust in the North Bohemian surface mine Nástup. The individual samples were pneumatically dispersed inside the chamber under defined temperature-humidity conditions (20°C and relative humidity (RH) 50 %). An APS (Aerodynamic Particle Sizer) processing provided us with average size distributions of particle mass and number. Lignite dust on mine roads and flue ash probably have the greatest potential impact on the concentration of atmospheric aerosol in the studied locality.