Ing. Jan Skřínský, Ph.D.
13.01.2014
If containment of a flammable liquid is lost and the consequent vapor-air mixture is ignited, estimation of radiation from thermal radiation generated depends upon number of factors. The point source model for the prediction of thermal radiation from liquid pool fires was adopted for the evaluation of the effect distances of Pool Fire we modified the simple point source model for calculation of the effect distances directly from the mass of flammable liquid in Pool Fire. The point source model considers the heat source (i.e. the flame) as a point that emits in all directions. The original model considers the heat received by the observer as a fraction of the heat of combustion multiplied by the burning rate. This heat decreases with the square of the distance from the source and with the transmissivity of the ambient air. In the presented model we implemented different possibilities of heat fraction calculation and we introduced the flame length in order to calculate the point source-target distance. Finally we do not consider the atmospheric stability as s constant but we introduced simple mathematical correlation and compare both the model with and without this parameter. The modified relationship was compared with experimental results and discussion of results is performed.
30.08.2013
To understand the accident and at the same time to create a proper emergency scenarios, it is necessary to know the physical nature of emergency events. The aim of this contribution is to describe the possibility of verifying the characteristics of the phenomenon of Fire Ball, as accidental phenomenon, which is often present in major accidents in the industry. At the beginning of the contribution are described the conditions that are necessary or sufficient for its creation. There is also described a simple model for calculating the basic parameters related to this phenomenon - size, diameter, duration, effects distance, etc. In the second part of the contribution three major fire ball accidents using the ARIA and e-MARS databases are described. In the third part of the article description is made of the currently used mathematical models of the phenomenon and a comparison is made of the mathematical model developed and used for this work with the results of experimental simulations, theoretical models and the data from the accident with the occurrence of this phenomenon.
30.04.2013
The goals of this contribution are (i) to summarize the adopted threshold damage criteria used for major accident consequence modeling of fire accidents in Spain and (ii) to numerically compare obtained results with the index-based method used in the Czech Republic. The main objective is to compare complexity of the evaluation of selected European methodologies as far as their application in the case of the same effect and damage model of dangerous flammable substance release, and point out the need to assess the risks from the perspective of emergency planning.
11.01.2013
In the first section we present the analysis of existing approaches to risk analyses in the European Union, in the area of the control of major-accident hazards involving dangerous substances. In the second section we focused on and analyse the index-based deterministic method developed and used for evaluation of emergency planning zone in Italy with respect to Seveso II Directive. The results of the analysis have been used both to evaluate the purpose of the emergency planning zone and to evaluate the criteria proposed for calculation of emergency planning zone distances. Individual steps of the presented emergency planning methodology have been identified, and the two different applications for toxic gas release and explosion have been described. The results obtained allowed us to start a systematic comparison of selected states with index-based method for emergency planning zone calculation in the future.
11.01.2013
A purpose of this article is to contribute to the question: “How the major accident safety information campaigns for the public have been made in recent years” with regard to legal requirements and regulations for measures to prevent or limit the consequences of serious chemical accidents. The regulations on the control of major accident hazards involving dangerous substances in Europe and in the Czech Republic involve public information planning with the purpose of making citizens aware of industrial risks, and possibilities to limit consequences of a major accident that have potential influence on public health, environment and assets, by implementing required behavior and safety measures. In this study we deal with the analysis of the Czech public information approach according to the EU legislative framework, and describe this approach using a set of examples. Our aim is to describe and compare the most important legislative regulations concerning the public information process and the measure of implementation of the EU regulations into Czech ones, and based on this comparison we point out the actual trend.
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Výzkumný ústav bezpečnosti práce, v. v. i.
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110 00 Praha 1
Jeruzalémská 1283/9
110 00 Praha 1
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