Ing. Jan Skřínský, Ph.D.

To understand the accident and at the same time to create a proper emergency scenarios, it is necessary to know the physical nature of emergency events. The aim of this contribution is to describe the possibility of verifying the characteristics of the phenomenon of Fire Ball, as accidental phenomenon, which is often present in major accidents in the industry. At the beginning of the contribution are described the conditions that are necessary or sufficient for its creation. There is also described a simple model for calculating the basic parameters related to this phenomenon - size, diameter, duration, effects distance, etc. In the second part of the contribution three major fire ball accidents using the ARIA and e-MARS databases are described. In the third part of the article description is made of the currently used mathematical models of the phenomenon and a comparison is made of the mathematical model developed and used for this work with the results of experimental simulations, theoretical models and the data from the accident with the occurrence of this phenomenon.

A purpose of this article is to contribute to the question: “How the major accident safety information campaigns for the public have been made in recent years” with regard to legal requirements and regulations for measures to prevent or limit the consequences of serious chemical accidents. The regulations on the control of major accident hazards involving dangerous substances in Europe and in the Czech Republic involve public information planning with the purpose of making citizens aware of industrial risks, and possibilities to limit consequences of a major accident that have potential influence on public health, environment and assets, by implementing required behavior and safety measures. In this study we deal with the analysis of the Czech public information approach according to the EU legislative framework, and describe this approach using a set of examples. Our aim is to describe and compare the most important legislative regulations concerning the public information process and the measure of implementation of the EU regulations into Czech ones, and based on this comparison we point out the actual trend.